Chapter 16 part 1

What is the Atlantic Revolution?
- The Atlantic revolutions were upheavals that occurred on both sides of the Atlantic in late 1700s and early 1800s. The 4 main revolutions that are considered the Atlantic revolutions are the ones in North America, France, Haiti, and South/Latin America.

  The French Revolution: It started when France was in debt and the king called a meeting with representatives of three classes of the society at the time, the first two of which represented only 2% of the population, while the third one (Estate) represented the common people. The king wanted to raise taxes to help with the country’s debt at the time. This was opposed not only by the commons but even by the nobles. The third estate, inspired by Enlightenment ideas and suffering from unemployment and high rise of prices, established what was called the National Assembly, which came up with the Declaration of Right of Man and Citizen, in which they asked for equality and freedom, declared themselves as the only source of laws in the country, and then started radical and violent acts. For example, multiple nobles, the kind and the queen, were guillotined. Even one of the leaders of the Revolution, was later guillotined. The new country went on to create a large military that eventually became the largest empire in the continent since the Romans time. This revolution had a lot of influence on multiple events in the history after.
     
The Haitian Revolution: Haiti at the time consisted of three social groups, the slaves, the whites (which itself was divided into the wealthy and the poor whites), and the people of color. They were inspired by the French Revolution in its ideas of freedom and also in its violence. The revolution meant different things to each social group. The results were historic: The slaves became not only equal and free, but the most powerful. It is considered by some the only complete successful slave revolution in history. They also succeeded in throwing away the French colonization, becoming the second independent Republic in the Americas, and they named their country “Haiti” (it had another name before then). They had a debt to France though after that, that they spent years and years to pay back. That, along with policies, led to large poverty in the country. The Haitian Revolution had a lot of influence and inspiration as it ended slavery (e.g., the Abolition movement to end slavery was inspired by it). A saying of “Remember Haiti” for whites elsewhere evolved, reminding them of what a result of a revolution against them could be. 

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